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The Shahnameh atlas · The heroic age

The White Div's cave

غار دیو سپید

The end of Rostam's Seven Labours; location approximate

Where
Legendary: the location is approximate · Mazandaran in the Atlas
Who
Rostam, White Div, Olad, Kay Kavus, Rakhsh
The White Div's cave

The cave of the White Div is the destination of Rostam's Haft Khan, the Seven Labours. By the time he reaches it he has survived a lion, a desert, a dragon, a witch and the warrior Olad, who becomes his guide, and he has killed the div Arzhang. Olad tells him that the demons sleep in the heat of the day and are weakest then, so Rostam waits for the sun to climb before he goes in.

Inside it is dark as night. When his eyes adjust he sees the demon asleep, a huge shape filling the cave, with a white head and a body black as pitch. Rostam does not strike a sleeping enemy. He roars to wake him, and they wrestle in the dark. Rostam cuts off one of the demon's legs, and fights on until he lifts him and throws him down. He tears out the White Div's liver, and drops of its blood restore the sight of King Kay Kavus and his army, blinded and held captive in Mazandaran.

Rostam does not strike a sleeping enemy.

Where is it?

The poem places the cave beyond seven mountains in the land of Mazandaran and says no more. Local tradition in several parts of northern Iran has pointed to caves in the Alborz as the White Div's lair, but none has a claim older than the story's popularity. The point here, in the mountains south of Amol, is approximate and marks the poem's Mazandaran rather than a real site. The fight itself is painted on teahouse walls and recited by the naqqal storytellers across Iran, the white demon falling under the hero with the tiger-skin coat.

In Mythologyاسطوره

A geometric profile of Rostam with a long dark beard, a grey helmet and his tiger-skin coat, against a saffron halo on deep lapis, with the head of his horse Rakhsh and seven discs for the seven labours.

Shahnameh

Rostam, Rakhsh and the seven labours

Iran's greatest hero and his matchless horse take the short, deadly road to rescue a foolish king: a lion, a desert, a dragon, a witch and the White Div.

More from the heroic ageشاهنامه

Traditional site · Alborz

Mount Alborzالبرز کوه

On the heights of the Alborz the Simorgh raises Zal, the white-haired child his father abandoned. The poem's Alborz is a mountain at the edge of the world, traditionally identified with the range north of Tehran.

Zal · Sam · Simorgh · Faranak

Real place · Kabul

Kabulکابل

Kabul frames the life of Rostam. His mother Rudabeh is a princess of Kabul, and it is in the hunting grounds of a later king of Kabul that Rostam is betrayed and killed.

Zal · Rudabeh · Mehrab · Rostam

Traditional site · Sistan and Baluchestan

Zabulistanزابلستان

Zabulistan is the realm of the house of Sam: the court where Zal rules, Rostam is raised, and Esfandiyar comes to put Rostam in chains. Tradition places it in Sistan, around today's Zabol.

Zal · Rostam · Sam · Esfandiyar

Traditional site · Sistan and Baluchestan

Kuh-e Khwajaکوه خواجه

A flat-topped black hill rising from the Hamun wetlands, crowned with the ruins of a Parthian and Sasanian palace that local people call Rostam's castle. It is the closest thing Rostam has to a home on the map.

Rostam · Zal